Utility Tools
Percentage Calculator
X% of Y, percentage change between values, or what % one number is of another — instant results
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Percentage formulas you'll use most often
18% of 1,200 = (18 ÷ 100) × 1200 = 216
Salary 40K → 46K = ((46000−40000) ÷ 40000) × 100 = 15%
420 out of 500 marks = (420 ÷ 500) × 100 = 84%
1,180 includes 18% tax → base = 1180 ÷ 1.18 = 1,000
Where percentages matter in everyday finance
Salary raises: A 12% raise on 80K salary = 9,600 increase = 89.6K new compensation
Deposit interest: 5% on a 50K deposit for 1 year = 2,500 interest (before tax)
Investment returns: 10% CAGR on a monthly 500 SIP for 10 years → roughly 103K corpus
Sales tax on meals: 8% on a 45 restaurant bill = 3.60 tax = 48.60 total
Loan-to-income ratio: Lenders cap repayments at 40–50% of income — a 5K monthly salary means max 2.5K EMI
Discounts: 30% off 299 → you pay 209.30 (saving 89.70)
Don't confuse markup with margin — they're not the same
If you buy a product for 100 and sell it for 150, your markup is 50% (profit ÷ cost = 50/100). But your margin is only 33.3% (profit ÷ selling price = 50/150). This distinction matters hugely in business — quoting a "50% margin" when you mean "50% markup" means you'd price a 100 item at 200 instead of 150. Many business owners mix these up, which leads to either overpricing or underpricing. Accountants and investors always talk in margins because it reflects what percentage of revenue is actual profit — while salespeople often think in markups because it's intuitive relative to the cost they paid.
Key Terms
Percentage
A number expressed as a fraction of 100, denoted by the % symbol. 25% means 25 out of 100.
Percentage Change
The relative difference between an old and new value, expressed as a percentage of the original value.
Basis Point
One hundredth of a percentage point (0.01%). Used in finance — a 25 basis point rate hike means a 0.25% increase.
Markup vs Margin
Markup is percentage over cost price; margin is percentage of selling price. A $100 item sold at $150 has 50% markup but 33.3% margin.